Valorisation of Whitefin Wolf-Herring bone waste into nanohydroxyapatite via ultrasonic-assisted processing ultrasonic-assisted processing

Author : yingsi chen, Siew Wei Phang, Bahman Nasiri-Tabrizi, Hui Leng Choo

Abstract : Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a leading bioceramic for orthopedic applications due to its similarity to bone mineral. Traditional synthesis methods are energy-intensive and rely on chemical precursors. This study addresses these concerns by converting underutilized marine waste, specifically Chirocentrus nudus fish bone, into high-value nanocrystalline HAp via calcination followed by ultrasound assisted process. This work contributes to circular economy practices by valorizing biowaste. Design of Experiment was applied to involve the variables including frequency (kHz), power (W) and time (min). The optical microscopy images showed the morphology change during the process, where heterogeneous morphology, monodisperse spherical particles and nano HAp were obtained. The particles size became smaller when operate with a higher power and longer time, while frequency (37kHz) can break down particles to smaller size. The FTIR results revealed that with increasing the ultrasonic duration with the same power and frequency, the higher crystallinity degree was recorded and biphasic calcium phosphate was formed. This sustainable approach utilizes fish bone waste to produce nanosized HAp for different biomedical application

Keywords : Hydroxyapatite, Bioceramics, Ultrasonication, FTIR, Microstructure.

Conference Name : International Conference on Biomaterials and Engineering Chemistry Innovations (ICBMEC - 26)

Conference Place : Beijing, China

Conference Date : 26th Sep 2026