DESIGN & PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A BIO-INSPIRED MICROJET NOZZLE FOR ENHANCED COLD AIR THRUST APPLICATIONS

Author : Mr. Gokul K, Dr.Naresh Babu

Abstract : The demand for compact, efficient, and sustainable propulsion systems for CubeSats and small satellites has accelerated research into alternative cold-gas thruster technologies. Conventional convergent–divergent (C–D) nozzles, although simple and reliable, often suffer from plume divergence and reduced thrust efficiency when scaled down to miniature thruster sizes. This project introduces a bio-inspired nozzle design, modelled on the breathing mechanisms of whale and dolphin blowholes, which naturally optimize fluid f low for efficient exhalation. By integrating a controlled lip curvature and variable contraction profile, the design aims to achieve enhanced plume collimation, reduced turbulence, and improved axial thrust efficiency compared to standard C–D geometries. The nozzle is intended for 3D printing using lightweight materials, ensuring low-cost fabrication and rapid prototyping. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations will be employed to validate the flow characteristics and performance improvements of the blowhole-inspired design against conventional nozzles. Initial assessments suggest that the proposed geometry can offer a more stable and directional plume, critical for attitude control in small spacecraft

Keywords : Bio-inspired nozzle,Cold-gas thruster, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), CubeSats.

Conference Name : International Conference on Aerospace Propulsion and Nanotech Innovations (ICAPNI-26)

Conference Place : Bangalore, India

Conference Date : 14th Mar 2026