Morphological View Of Human Anatomy In Heart And Common Septal Defects

Author : Hemavathy .S, Mary Antony Prabha, Venkataramaniah .C , Deepa . R

Abstract :The heart supplies blood to all parts of the body. Blood is needed to survive because it carries oxygen and nutrients. Blood is carried one way. When the heart pumps, it increases the ventricle pressure and the blood rushes out of the heart. The blood is circulated to other parts of the body this is known as the “Circulatory system”. The circulatory system consists of the heart, arteries and veins. The heart is a muscular organ and fist-sized. It is present between the lungs and covered by the thoracic cavity. The heart has 4 chambers. The upper two are called the atrium and the lower two are called the ventricles. The heart is covered by 3 layers, namely the pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The pericardium is an outer protective double membrane layer. A fluid present between the double layers is called pericardial fluid which acts as a lubricant and reduces friction. Myocardium is a thick muscular middle layer while the endocardium is a thin inner layer which protects the chambers and valves of the heart. The heart is divided into two sections by two septums called the atrial and ventricular septums. This separation is essential so that two different types of blood (oxygenated and deoxygenated blood) are not collapsed and allow effective blood pumping. The heart is a pumping organ and does not purify the blood. Blood is purified by the lungs and kidneys. The heart pumps about 5.7 litres of blood per minute. Since the heart supplies blood to all parts of the body, it requires blood to function. Here comes the role of coronary vessels.

Keywords :Coronary system, Atrium, Ventricle, Atrioventricular septum, Interventricular system, Endocardium, Myocardium, Pericardium.

Conference Name :International Conference on Cardiology and Human Anatomy (ICCHA-25)

Conference Place Chicago, USA

Conference Date 15th Jan 2025